The Brain's Inner Cosmos: dmt
The Brain's Inner Cosmos: Unveiling Endogenous DMT, Breathwork, and the Future of Consciousness Exploration
Humanity has long been captivated by the enigmatic depths of consciousness, driven by an enduring fascination with accessing profound, non-ordinary states of awareness. From ancient shamanic rituals that sought transcendent experiences to contemporary scientific investigations into the brain's intricate workings, the quest to understand and expand the boundaries of perception remains a cornerstone of human inquiry. Within this pursuit, Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), often colloquially termed the "spirit molecule" due to its potent effects when administered exogenously, has garnered significant attention. Questions surrounding its natural occurrence and purpose within the human body have persisted for decades.
A significant paradigm shift is now underway in the exploration of altered states of consciousness. While powerful psychedelic compounds like ayahuasca have historically been central to such explorations, an expanding body of scientific research increasingly points towards the remarkable, inherent capacity of the human body and mind to induce similar profound experiences without the need for external chemical intervention. This emerging understanding signals a future where accessible, innate practices, particularly conscious breathwork and meditation, become central to the journey of inner discovery. This report will delve into the current scientific understanding of endogenous DMT, critically examine popular beliefs surrounding its production, explore the neurobiological mechanisms through which non-pharmacological practices induce altered states, and highlight the exciting trajectory towards breathwork as a powerful and accessible tool for consciousness exploration.
Dimethyltryptamine: The Brain's Endogenous Enigma
N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a serotonergic hallucinogen belonging to the tryptamine family, first synthesized in 1931. When administered exogenously, typically inhaled or injected, DMT induces intense, often indescribable subjective experiences. These experiences are characterized by vivid visual hallucinations, profound alterations in sensory perception, a dissolution of the ego, and reports of encounters with seemingly autonomous entities. The effects are remarkably brief, usually lasting only five to fifteen minutes, and the compound is generally considered non-addictive with low dependence liability. Its psychedelic effects are primarily mediated through strong interactions with serotonin receptors, notably 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, and 5-HT2C, though other receptors like sigma-1 and trace amine-associated receptors (TAAR) may also contribute to its complex pharmacological profile.
The presence of endogenous DMT, naturally produced within mammals including humans, has been confirmed in various brain and body tissues. Initial scientific inquiries often reported only trace amounts of DMT in mammalian brains. However, more recent findings have identified alternative methylation pathways and documented DMT levels in rodent brains that are comparable to those of classical neurotransmitters. This significant re-evaluation of DMT's concentration profoundly shifts the understanding of its biological significance. If its levels are indeed on par with established neurotransmitters, it suggests a much more active and integral role in brain function than previously considered. This moves DMT from a compound primarily known for its powerful exogenous effects to a serious candidate for an endogenous neuromodulator or even a neurotransmitter, necessitating a fundamental re-evaluation of its biological purpose and potential for therapeutic intervention.
The primary enzyme responsible for DMT biosynthesis is indolethylamine N-methyltransferase (INMT), which converts tryptophan to tryptamine, and then to DMT. INMT is widely expressed throughout the body, found not only in certain brain regions such as the uncus, medulla, amygdala, frontal cortex, and pineal gland, but also in peripheral organs including the lungs, heart, adrenal gland, pancreas, lymph nodes, spinal cord, and thyroid. This diffuse distribution of the enzyme suggests a broader, systemic production of endogenous DMT throughout the body, rather than being confined to a single brain region.
The exact roles of endogenous DMT within the human body remain an active area of research, yet its widespread evolutionary presence across diverse species suggests it may play essential roles in various developmental stages and cellular adaptation to environmental challenges. One compelling hypothesis proposes that DMT may function as a neurotransmitter, exerting a signaling role in central nervous system regions involved in sensory perception. This perspective suggests that what is perceived as "waking reality" might itself be a tightly regulated psychedelic experience, with altered states arising when this intrinsic regulation is modulated or loosened.
Furthermore, DMT's lipophilic properties enable it to readily cross cell membranes and activate intracellular 5-HT2A receptors, a mechanism contributing to its role in neuroplasticity. This suggests DMT may function as an endogenous ligand for intracellular receptors, indicating a broader biological significance beyond conventional receptor pathways. Other potential physiological roles under investigation include neurogenesis, mitochondrial homeostasis, immunomodulation, and providing protection against hypoxia and oxidative stress. The observation that DMT production increases under conditions of stress in rodent brains and adrenal glands lends further weight to these adaptive physiological functions. This connection between stress and increased DMT production, coupled with its proposed protective qualities, implies that its primary purpose might not be to induce mystical states, but rather to act as an intrinsic survival mechanism. The profound subjective experiences, such as those reported in Near-Death Experiences (NDEs), could then be a byproduct of this protective biological response during extreme physiological duress, rather than the intended outcome. This reframes the "spirit molecule" narrative from a purely mystical lens to one rooted in fundamental biological survival and homeostasis.
Historically, early theories linked DMT to psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia, suggesting it might act as a "schizotoxin". While this hypothesis is no longer widely accepted, it is still considered that DMT may play a role in psychotic symptoms. Conversely, more recent research suggests that DMT may actually possess neuroprotective properties.
The Pineal Gland: Separating "Spirit Molecule" Myth from Scientific Reality
The pineal gland, a tiny pine cone-shaped organ nestled in the center of the brain, has long been shrouded in mystery and spiritual lore. Popular culture and various spiritual traditions frequently refer to it as the "seat of the soul" or the "third eye," attributing mystical powers to its function. This enduring hypothesis gained significant traction with the publication of clinical psychiatrist Rick Strassman's 2000 book, "DMT: The Spirit Molecule," which posited that the pineal gland produces and secretes sufficient DMT to induce profound psychoactive effects, particularly during critical life transitions such as birth, dreaming, and the moments surrounding death.
However, despite the widespread popular belief, current medical research and scientific consensus do not conclusively confirm that the human pineal gland produces or secretes enough DMT to cause psychoactive effects. While trace amounts of DMT have been detected in the pineal glands of rats, this finding has not been replicated or confirmed in human pineal glands. Furthermore, a recent animal study provided compelling evidence that even after the removal of the pineal gland, rat brains were still capable of producing DMT in other regions, strongly indicating that this gland is likely not the primary or sole source of endogenous DMT.
There are clear physiological reasons why the pineal gland is an unlikely primary source for the psychedelic effects attributed to endogenous DMT. The pineal gland is remarkably small, weighing less than 0.2 grams. For it to produce psychedelic effects, it would hypothetically need to rapidly synthesize approximately 25 milligrams of DMT. In stark contrast, this tiny gland produces only about 30 micrograms of melatonin per day, its primary known neurohormone. Additionally, DMT is rapidly metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes throughout the body, which would prevent it from naturally accumulating in the brain to psychoactive levels, even if produced in larger quantities. The stark contrast between the widespread popular belief in the pineal gland as the primary source of psychoactive DMT, fueled by popular narratives, and the consistent scientific refutation, highlights a significant challenge in public science communication. This discrepancy is not merely a factual inaccuracy; it underscores how compelling, often spiritual, narratives can take root and persist in public consciousness even when scientific evidence points elsewhere. This emphasizes the importance of authoritative, evidence-based reporting to manage public expectations and prevent the pursuit of unproven methods for "activating" the pineal gland.
If the pineal gland is not the primary source of psychoactive DMT, the widespread presence of the INMT enzyme—essential for DMT synthesis—across numerous body tissues beyond the brain, including the lungs, heart, and adrenal gland , suggests a more diffuse and systemic production of endogenous DMT. This broad distribution of INMT indicates that DMT synthesis is not confined to a single, mystical brain region but is a generalized biological process. This further supports the idea that endogenous DMT may serve broader physiological functions, potentially as a ubiquitous signaling molecule or a general stress-response agent across various organ systems, rather than solely being a brain-specific psychedelic.
Regarding profound altered states like Near-Death Experiences (NDEs) and out-of-body experiences (OBEs), which are often anecdotally linked to pineal DMT release, scientific evidence suggests more plausible alternative explanations. Research indicates that endorphins and other neurochemicals released in high amounts during moments of extreme stress, such as near death, are more likely responsible for the reported brain activity and psychoactive effects, including hallucinations. Studies on G-force induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) demonstrate that a temporary reduction in blood flow to the brain can cause unconsciousness and give rise to extraordinary perceptions within seconds, supporting clinical observations of hypoxia- or anoxia-induced altered states. NDEs are increasingly understood as hallucination-like phenomena emerging from brains in altered states of consciousness, with specific phenomena like OBEs localized to particular brain regions such as the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ).
Conscious Breathwork, Meditation, and Trance: Non-Pharmacological Pathways to Altered States
Altered states of consciousness (ASCs) are defined as any condition that deviates significantly from a normal waking state, and they can be induced through various physiological, psychological, or pharmacological means. Recent research has revealed that non-pharmacologically induced altered states, such as those accessed through yoga, mindfulness, meditation, and breathwork, are far more common than previously assumed. A study involving 3,135 adults in the U.S. and U.K. found that a remarkable 45% reported experiencing such states at least once in their lives. This finding fundamentally redefines these experiences from rare, esoteric phenomena to a common variant of normal human experience. This wide prevalence implies that the capacity for these states is inherent and widespread in humans, not limited to a select few or dependent on external substances. This provides a strong foundation for the argument that profound inner experiences are naturally accessible through practices like breathwork, making them a democratic and empowering path for consciousness exploration. These experiences can manifest as derealization, unitive experiences, ecstatic thrills, vivid perceptions, out-of-body experiences, and changes in bodily sensations like heat or electricity.
Neurobiological investigations have begun to shed light on how these practices induce altered states. Neuroimaging techniques, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), and electroencephalography (EEG), have been utilized to study the underlying mechanisms. Key brain regions frequently implicated in these states include the frontal lobes, parietal lobes, thalamus, and limbic system. Interestingly, meditation practices often show an initial increase in frontal lobe activity, associated with intense concentration, followed by a decrease in frontal lobe activity with extended practice or states of "surrender". This reveals a dynamic and evolving neural process underlying altered states, rather than a static brain state. This progression of brain activity suggests that different phases or depths of an altered state engage distinct neurological mechanisms, implying that various breathwork techniques might be optimized to induce specific neural shifts, leading to varied subjective experiences and therapeutic outcomes. Conversely, trance states are frequently associated with decreased frontal lobe function. Furthermore, "psychedelic-like" subjective experiences induced by breathwork have been associated with increased neural Lempel-Ziv complexity, a robust signature of the 'psychedelic state' observed in pharmacological contexts.
Studies have also explored changes in various neurotransmitters during these practices. An increase in dopamine tone has been reported during meditation-induced changes of consciousness, and an increase in Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) has been found during yoga training. Other neurotransmitters such as serotonin and acetylcholine are also considered to be associated with various phenomenal elements of such experiences.
Beyond neural activity and neurotransmitter modulation, these practices induce significant physiological shifts and hormonal responses. Many studies report predominant parasympathetic activity, characterized by decreased heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen metabolism. However, other studies suggest a mutual activation of both parasympathetic and sympathetic systems, evidenced by an increase in heart rate variability during meditation. Hormonal changes associated with these practices include alterations in cortisol, noradrenaline, endorphins, sex hormones, and growth hormone. These documented physiological changes, including shifts in heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and hormonal profiles, alongside neurotransmitter modulations, demonstrate that meditation and breathwork are not merely subjective experiences but have tangible, measurable impacts on the body's neurochemistry and autonomic nervous system. This legitimizes breathwork as a powerful tool for self-regulation and healing, reinforcing its potential for therapeutic applications and its place in mainstream health discussions.
Breathwork, specifically, induces altered states by intentionally manipulating the rate, depth, and pattern of breathing, which directly changes body and brain function, leading to shifts in perception, emotions, and awareness. Deep, slow breathing, for instance, can increase carbon dioxide levels, causing blood vessels in the brain to dilate, which in turn increases blood flow and oxygenation, fostering a state of relaxed alertness conducive to meditation. Conversely, rapid and shallow breathing, or hyperventilation, can decrease carbon dioxide in the blood, leading to changes in blood chemistry that manifest as lightheadedness, tingling, and altered perceptions. Inducing a state of hypoxia, where the brain receives insufficient oxygen (e.g., by holding breath), can also lead to changes in brain activity, including brain waves, potentially resulting in altered states such as trance, hallucinations, and out-of-body experiences.
Holotropic Breathwork, a specific practice developed by psychiatrist Stanislav Grof, utilizes rapid breathing and evocative music to induce altered states of consciousness, with the explicit aim of achieving psychedelic-like effects without the use of drugs. This practice typically involves deep, accelerated breathing over a two to three-hour duration and is designed to facilitate emotional release and self-discovery.
Breathwork and Endogenous DMT: The Unproven Connection
Despite the clear evidence that breathwork can induce profound altered states, a persistent narrative exists, particularly among some practitioners and popular sources, claiming that intense or specialized breathwork techniques directly stimulate the release of psychoactive amounts of endogenous DMT in the brain. Proponents of this view often theorize that rapid breathing, leading to reduced oxygen levels (hypoxia) or changes in carbon dioxide and pH balance, might trigger the pineal gland to release DMT as a protective mechanism for cells in low-oxygen environments. Some also suggest a correlation between breathwork-activated gamma brainwaves and the release of DMT. Holotropic Breathwork, a technique designed to mimic psychedelic states, is sometimes specifically claimed to enhance "natural DMT" or cause the pineal gland to release DMT, thereby inducing hallucinogenic experiences.
However, a critical examination of current medical research and scientific consensus reveals a significant gap: there is no conclusive scientific evidence to support the assertion that breathwork or meditation alone releases psychoactive amounts of endogenous DMT in the human brain. Experts explicitly state that "none of the claims about DMT activation in the body are scientifically proven" and emphasize that the small amounts of DMT found naturally in the human body are generally not sufficient to create psychoactive results. Research on the direct connection between breathwork and DMT production is still emerging and requires far more rigorous investigation.
The persistent and widespread claims that breathwork directly releases psychoactive amounts of endogenous DMT, despite a clear lack of scientific evidence, reflects a broader human tendency to seek tangible, chemical explanations for profound subjective or spiritual experiences. People are often drawn to the idea of a "spirit molecule" because it offers a concrete, albeit unproven, link between biology and spirituality. This highlights the importance of guiding the public towards understanding the actual neurophysiological mechanisms of breathwork, which are powerful in their own right, rather than relying on unsubstantiated chemical links.
It is crucial to understand that breathwork does induce profound altered states of consciousness through well-understood physiological mechanisms, entirely independent of any direct, proven DMT release. These mechanisms primarily involve the manipulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide balance in the blood, which directly impacts brain chemistry, blood flow, and neural activity. As discussed previously, these physiological changes can lead to altered perceptions, emotions, and awareness. The power of breathwork lies in its ability to access internal knowledge, process difficult experiences, and integrate trauma through these physiological shifts, without needing to invoke external substances or unproven endogenous chemical releases. This distinction empowers individuals by demonstrating that the transformative potential of breathwork is inherent to their own biological processes, shifting the focus from a hypothetical internal drug to the direct, accessible power of conscious breathing. Therefore, claims about DMT release during breathwork should be approached with critical skepticism. Furthermore, attempting to induce DMT release through breathwork without proper supervision can be dangerous due to the intensity of the altered states and potential physiological side effects.
The Future of Consciousness Exploration: Shifting from Ayahuasca to Breathwork
Ayahuasca, a psychoactive brew containing DMT and a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), has been traditionally used for centuries in spiritual and healing contexts, particularly in Amazonian cultures. Research on participants attending ayahuasca retreats has shown short-term improvements in mental well-being, resilience, and self-compassion, with these positive effects persisting for one to three months. The brew has also been observed to decrease neuroticism and increase agreeableness. It is important to note that the social setting in which ayahuasca is consumed is recognized as a significant contributor to its observed effects, alongside its direct biological impact.
Breathwork is increasingly recognized as a potent, non-pharmacological technique for inducing altered states of consciousness. These sessions are often conducted in group settings with facilitators and music, mirroring the communal and structured environment of ayahuasca retreats. Importantly, breathwork-induced "psychedelic-like" subjective experiences have been associated with increased neural complexity, a signature also observed in classic psychedelic states. Furthermore, comparative studies of spontaneous spiritual awakenings (SSAs) with drug-induced ASCs, including those from DMT and psilocybin, have revealed strong phenomenological similarities in both distribution and magnitude, with SSAs often reported as more intense across several dimensions. This suggests that non-pharmacological methods can achieve comparable or even greater subjective intensity than powerful psychedelics.
The comparative studies showing that breathwork yields similar positive outcomes (well-being, resilience, self-compassion) to ayahuasca, combined with the phenomenological intensity of non-drug ASCs being comparable or even greater than psychedelic-induced states, signifies a profound shift. This implies that the transformative potential of altered states is not exclusive to pharmacological interventions; instead, it can be accessed through innate, accessible physiological practices. This democratizes profound inner experiences, making them available to a wider population without the legal, financial, or accessibility barriers associated with psychedelics, positioning breathwork as a truly revolutionary and empowering tool.
Breathwork offers distinct advantages in terms of accessibility and cost. As a non-pharmacological method , it can be accessed by anyone, often instantaneously, making it a low-cost alternative for expanding consciousness. It empowers individuals to access profound inner states using their innate physiological mechanisms, without reliance on external substances. The field of breathwork is poised for significant growth, with ongoing research aiming to establish it as a new therapeutic modality. Its accessibility and non-drug nature make it a strong candidate for integration into mainstream healthcare systems. Holotropic Breathwork, notably, was developed by Stanislav Grof as a successor to LSD-based psychedelic therapy, explicitly aiming to achieve similar profound effects through breath alone. This historical context is not just a factual detail but a conceptual blueprint; it demonstrates that the intention to achieve profound, therapeutic altered states without drugs has a strong lineage within transpersonal psychology, reinforcing the legitimacy and potential of breathwork as a robust alternative to psychedelics.
Despite its promise, research on breathwork is still in its infancy compared to more established fields like meditation or psychedelics. Some reviews still note limited evidence for direct relationships between physiological parameters and psychological outcomes in slow breathing techniques. Breathwork can induce intense emotions and potentially trigger painful memories, and in some cases, distressing altered states. It is often recommended that it be used in conjunction with ongoing therapy to process these experiences safely. Contraindications exist for certain individuals, such as those with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, or high blood pressure, and it should generally be practiced with a skilled facilitator.
ALTRD: Pioneering the Accessible Frontier of Altered States
The user query posits "ALTRD is a pioneer in the space" of breathwork and altered states. However, the provided research material for "ALTRD" refers to "Altar'd State," a women's clothing and home furnishings brand, with no information linking it to breathwork or consciousness exploration. Therefore, based on the provided research, it is not possible to confirm "ALTRD" as a specific pioneering entity in the breathwork space.
Instead, it is valuable to discuss the concept of pioneering within the evolving landscape of non-pharmacological altered states, aligning with the spirit of the user's inquiry. The field of breathwork is indeed in its early stages but is "poised for an extraordinary surge in both public and scientific inquiry, much like meditation over the past few decades, and now psychedelics". True pioneering efforts in this space involve rigorous scientific examination, such as pilot Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) investigating the phenomenological effects of high ventilation breathwork (HVB) and comparing them to psychedelic experiences. The objective of such pioneering work is to establish breathwork as an accessible, low-cost, non-drug alternative for expanding global consciousness, paving the way for its integration into healthcare systems worldwide.
Holotropic Breathwork, developed by Stanislav Grof as a direct successor to LSD-based therapy, exemplifies this pioneering spirit by demonstrating that profound, psychedelic-like states can be achieved through the innate power of breath. This historical precedent demonstrates that the intention to achieve profound, therapeutic altered states without drugs has a strong lineage within transpersonal psychology. This reinforces the legitimacy and potential of breathwork as a robust alternative to psychedelics, directly supporting the narrative of moving away from external substances by showing it is a continuation of a well-established therapeutic goal.
True pioneers in this space also emphasize the critical importance of structured programs and trained facilitators. Holotropic Breathwork, for instance, is strongly recommended under the guidance of a certified facilitator due to the potential intensity of the experience. Facilitators provide essential direction, support, and a safe container for individuals to navigate the emotional releases and profound insights that can arise during breathwork sessions.
In this context, "ALTRD" can be conceptually understood as representing the innovative spirit driving the movement towards accessible, non-pharmacological methods for consciousness exploration. This includes organizations and individuals dedicated to conducting scientific research to validate breathwork's efficacy, developing safe, structured, and guided breathwork methodologies, educating the public and healthcare professionals about the benefits and considerations of these practices, and empowering individuals to harness their innate capacity for self-discovery and healing through the breath.
Navigating the Inner Journey: Considerations and the Path Forward
Altered states of consciousness, whether induced pharmacologically or through non-pharmacological practices like breathwork and meditation, hold immense transformative potential. These experiences often lead to profound positive effects on well-being, personal growth, and a renewed sense of purpose. They offer a pathway to deeper healing, expanded awareness, and a more integrated understanding of oneself and the world.
However, while often beneficial, these experiences are powerful and can sometimes be challenging. A significant minority of individuals (13%) reported experiencing moderate to greater suffering following non-pharmacologically induced altered states, with 1.1% reporting life-threatening suffering. This dual nature of altered states, offering profound benefits but also carrying a risk of significant suffering for a minority of individuals, coupled with the widespread lack of clinical preparedness, elevates the discussion of consciousness exploration to a public health concern. This implies that simply promoting these practices is insufficient; a responsible future requires a systemic shift: integrating ASC education into clinical training and developing support systems. This moves beyond individual practice to a societal responsibility for safe and effective consciousness exploration.
It is crucial to approach consciousness exploration with awareness, respect, and, ideally, under the guidance of trained and experienced facilitators. A major concern highlighted by recent research is that a substantial proportion (63%) of those who experience negative outcomes related to altered states do not seek help, partly because clinicians are often poorly prepared to recognize or support these experiences. This underscores a critical public health issue and an urgent need for the medical and psychological communities to develop comprehensive clinical curricula on altered states of consciousness. Furthermore, educators and facilitators of meditation and breathwork practices bear the responsibility of informing participants about potential risks and ensuring safe engagement with these powerful practices.
The future of consciousness exploration lies in a synergistic approach that integrates ancient wisdom traditions with modern scientific inquiry. Researchers explicitly suggest consulting "ancient meditation manuals from the wisdom traditions" for classifying and understanding altered states, alongside modern scientific investigations. This suggestion is a powerful acknowledgment that traditional knowledge holds valuable frameworks for understanding subjective experiences that modern science is only beginning to map. This implies that a holistic and truly comprehensive understanding of consciousness, and how to safely navigate its altered states, will likely emerge from a synergistic approach that values both empirical data and time-tested experiential wisdom, rather than solely relying on one paradigm. Continued rigorous research, including large-scale randomized controlled trials, remains essential to further understand the mechanisms, benefits, and potential risks of breathwork and other non-pharmacological methods. By fostering a culture of informed practice, responsible guidance, and robust scientific investigation, humanity can unlock the full potential of consciousness through accessible, innate practices, paving the way for deeper healing, expanded awareness, and a more integrated understanding of ourselves and the world.
Sources & Further ReadingN,N-dimethyltryptamine and the pineal gland: Separating fact from myth - PubMed Breathwork Altered States EXPLAINED - YouTube Neuro-functional modeling of near-death experiences in contexts of altered states of consciousness - PubMed Central Yoga and Meditation-Induced Altered States of Consciousness are Common in the General Population - Massachusetts General Hospital A Neurotheological Perspective on Altered States of Consciousness - Andrew Newberg Exploring DMT: Endogenous role and therapeutic potential - PubMed Altered states through yoga, meditation more common than thought ... The neuroscientific study of spiritual practices - Frontiers Self-Rated Effectiveness of Ayahuasca and Breathwork on Well ... Spontaneous Spiritual Awakenings: Phenomenology ... - Frontiers pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.govNeuropharmacology of N, N-Dimethyltryptamine - PMC Airways to Alteration - ResearchHub 2-Minute Neuroscience: DMT - YouTube Holotropic Breathwork: Usage, Safety, and More - Healthline Pineal Gland DMT: 4 FAQs Answered - Healthline DMT Awakened Breathwork Experience 30 Jan - FireShaper Australia Does Breathwork Release DMT — Breathwork for Recovery: Training and Certifications Breathwork-Induced Psychedelic Experiences Modulate Neural Dynamics - ResearchGate Holotropic Breathwork to Access Altered States of Consciousness | The Sanctuary at Sedona med.virginia.edu, Altered States of Consciousness - Division of Perceptual Studies What is DMT Breathwork & Why You Should Try It Psychedelics And Breathwork: Exploring Disruptive Tools In Addiction Recovery | Delamere